A nurse is monitoring a patient receiving warfarin therapy for a deep vein thrombosis. Which laboratory value should the nurse evaluate to determine if the medication is within therapeutic range?

A postoperative infant who had a myelomeningocele repair has a clean, dry surgical incision. Which type of dressing should the nurse apply to protect the site while allowing healing?

A home health nurse visits an elderly patient who lives alone and has a history of falls. Which standardized assessment tool is most appropriate for evaluating the patient's fall risk?

A multiparous woman in active labor has progressed from 3 cm to 7 cm dilation in 2 hours. She now reports a strong urge to have a bowel movement. What is the nurse's priority action?

A nurse reads several research studies that suggest increased patient mobility reduces postoperative pain. To determine whether these findings are generalizable to the nurse's own patient population, what should the nurse evaluate first?

A charge nurse assigns a task involving sensitive patient information to an intern nurse. Later, the charge nurse assumes the intern is highly competent in all areas because of one positive performance. This cognitive bias is known as:

A patient reports difficulty falling asleep and frequent nighttime awakenings for several months. The nurse reviews the patient's diet and lifestyle. Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly linked to sleep disturbances?

A patient in a persistent vegetative state receiving long-term enteral nutrition is at highest risk for deficiency of which vitamin?

A woman with gestational diabetes delivers a full-term infant. In the first few hours after birth, the nurse should monitor the newborn most closely for which complication?

A public health nurse administers the meningococcal vaccine to pilgrims before they travel to Hajj. This intervention is classified as which level of prevention?

A pregnant woman weighs 46 kg, is 164 cm tall (BMI ~17.1), and reports eating approximately 1800 calories per day. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate?

A patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis is admitted to the medical unit. Which type of infection control precautions should the nurse implement?

A child is suspected of having bacterial meningitis. The child lives with several family members. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A patient taking lorazepam for anxiety asks the nurse if it is safe to have a glass of wine. The nurse explains that benzodiazepines should not be taken with which substance due to the risk of severe respiratory depression?

A mother gives birth to a baby with a cleft palate. Before the infant is discharged, the nurse prioritizes teaching the mother about which aspect of care?

A community health nurse is planning interventions to reduce tuberculosis transmission in a high-incidence area. Which strategy is most effective at the population level?

A patient has a blood pressure reading of 196/110 mmHg confirmed on three separate occasions. The nurse classifies this blood pressure as:

A nurse demonstrates positive self-concept by which of the following behaviors?

A pregnant woman in her third trimester presents with sudden, severe abdominal pain and dark vaginal bleeding. The cervix is closed on examination. The nurse suspects which condition?

A 28-year-old woman who previously had a healthy child has been trying to conceive for 14 months without success. This situation is best defined as:

An elderly patient with an IV cannula becomes restless and complains of itching and difficulty breathing during an infusion. What is the priority nursing action?

A nurse is assessing the weight of a child between 2.5 and 4 years old. What is the expected normal weight range for this age group?

A nurse is assisting with chest tube insertion for a patient with a pleural effusion. The provider places the chest tube at which anatomical location?

A nurse is assessing a patient for appendicitis. The nurse notes that pain increases when pressure is suddenly released from the right lower quadrant. This finding is known as rebound tenderness, which is elicited by:

A patient scheduled for a cardiac catheterization tells the nurse, "I don't understand the side effects of this procedure." What is the nurse's best action?

The head nurse determines that additional nursing staff will be needed for the next fiscal year and begins the recruitment process. This management function is called:

A patient scheduled for a right total knee replacement reports a severe allergy to shellfish. Why is this allergy particularly important?

A patient with a permanent pacemaker asks about activity restrictions. Which activity should the nurse advise the patient to avoid?

A patient presents with unilateral calf pain, swelling, and warmth. The nurse suspects which condition?

A patient with Parkinson disease develops a stooped posture while taking medication. This finding is most characteristic of which condition?

A patient has a blood pressure reading consistently above 140/90 mmHg. According to standard guidelines, this indicates which stage of hypertension?

A 20-year-old athletic patient has a mild S3 heart sound on auscultation. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

A hospital manager wants to conduct a study that requires selecting experienced nurse managers as participants. Which sampling method is most appropriate to intentionally select individuals with specific expertise?

A newborn has a heart rate of 150 bpm. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

A nurse is managing an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring device in the ICU. What is the priority nursing action to ensure accurate readings?

An informatics nurse reviews patient records to check for completeness, accuracy, and compliance with documentation standards. This process is known as:

A patient with a peptic ulcer is being discharged after a prolonged hospitalization. To prevent recurrence, the nurse emphasizes which teaching point as most important?

A nurse is teaching a class about male infertility. Which statement is correct?

An elderly patient presents with hypoglycemia, hypotension, and hyperpigmentation. The patient is diagnosed with Addison disease. What is the most likely underlying cause?

A patient with a chest tube has continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. The nurse suspects an air leak. What should the nurse assess first?

An asthma patient on high-flow oxygen shows improvement. Which finding indicates this improvement?

A nurse applies a tourniquet to control severe bleeding from a limb. Prolonged application can lead to which complication?

A patient who underwent heart valve surgery one week ago now has a new systolic murmur on auscultation. What is the most likely cause?

A patient is restless and agitated, with severe pain, swelling, and cyanosis around the umbilicus (Cullen sign). What is the priority concern?

An elderly patient with a previous stroke and right-sided hemiplegia needs mobility assistance. What is the most appropriate approach?

A child is diagnosed with chicken pox (varicella). Which skin manifestation is characteristic of this infection?

A patient is admitted with acute appendicitis and scheduled for surgery. Which preoperative nursing intervention is most important?

A nurse is teaching a patient with stable angina about sublingual nitroglycerin. Which instruction is most important?

A charge nurse has 3 RNs and 1 nursing assistant on shift. Which task is most appropriate to delegate to the nursing assistant?

A nurse observes a colleague in the cafeteria who appears to be choking and cannot speak. What is the most appropriate immediate intervention?

A pregnant woman is at highest risk for developing gestational diabetes during which trimester?

A patient presents with abnormal tissue growth described as grape-like clusters on ultrasound. This finding is most consistent with which condition?

An infant is born with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). What is the priority nursing intervention before surgical repair?

A patient with diabetes insipidus presents with excessive thirst and large volumes of dilute urine. Which clinical manifestation is most characteristic of this disorder?

A nurse is providing perineal care for a postpartum patient. What is the correct technique?

A child with Tetralogy of Fallot suddenly becomes cyanotic and short of breath during a crying spell. Which position is most beneficial to relieve this hypercyanotic episode?

A patient with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine. When should the nurse advise the patient to take this medication?

A patient undergoes a craniotomy for tumor resection. Which post-operative nursing intervention is most appropriate to manage intracranial pressure?

A patient who had a total hip replacement (posterior approach) is being discharged. Which instruction should the nurse include to prevent dislocation?

A patient receiving morphine for postoperative pain has an oxygen saturation of 80% and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. What is the priority nursing action?

When assessing the pulse of a healthy infant, which site is most appropriate and reliable?

A patient with diabetes insipidus is receiving desmopressin (DDAVP). What is the priority nursing intervention for this patient?

A pregnant woman with gestational diabetes is at increased risk for which fetal complication?

A pregnant woman arrives at the emergency department in active labor. The nurse assesses the cervix and finds it dilated to 8 cm. What is the priority nursing action?

A nurse enters the room of a frightened child with burns and fractures. What is the most appropriate initial approach?

A postpartum client is diagnosed with mastitis in the right breast. What is the most appropriate nursing advice regarding breastfeeding?

A nurse explains to a parent that the MMR vaccine protects against which diseases?

A patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis is admitted. Which type of isolation precautions is required?

A nurse assesses an infant and finds a bulging anterior fontanelle. This finding most likely indicates:

A pregnant patient with severe preeclampsia is receiving magnesium sulfate. What is the primary purpose of this medication?

A premature newborn with respiratory distress syndrome receives surfactant replacement. Through which route is surfactant administered?

A public health nurse provides meningococcal vaccination to pilgrims before Hajj. This intervention represents which level of prevention?

A nurse is donning personal protective equipment (PPE) before entering a patient's room. What is the correct sequence?

A patient tells the nurse, "An AI chatbot advised me to change my medication dosage." What is the best nursing response?

A patient taking morphine develops respiratory depression with an oxygen saturation of 80%. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as an antidote?

A child with chickenpox (varicella) should remain in isolation until:

A 7-year-old child weighing 25 kg requires maintenance intravenous fluids over 24 hours. Using the Holliday-Segar method (4-2-1 rule), what is the appropriate daily fluid volume?

During a code blue, a nurse states she does not know how to operate the defibrillator. What is the most appropriate action?

A nurse discovers that she administered the wrong medication to a patient. What is the immediate priority action?

During a home visit, a nurse finds elderly spouses living alone with expired medications and unsafe home conditions. What is the priority intervention?

A patient falls while in the nurse's care. What is the appropriate nursing action?

A woman with irregular menstrual cycles and no significant past medical history wants a safe, non-invasive contraceptive method that does not require a prescription. Which option is best?

A child is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following is a known predisposing factor?

A patient is diagnosed with HIV. Before starting antiretroviral therapy, which laboratory test is most important for assessing immune system status?

In diabetes insipidus, which part of the endocrine system is primarily affected?

A patient has a blood pressure of 125/82 mmHg with no other comorbidities. What is the most appropriate recommendation?

A conflict occurs between a head nurse and a staff member. The head nurse later addresses the issue directly with the staff member to resolve it. This management approach is called:

A strict vegetarian who does not eat meat, fish, or dairy is most likely to be deficient in which vitamin?

The purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin skin test is administered by which route?

A physician orders a dose of morphine that the nurse believes is unusually high for the patient's condition. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

A patient with a pulmonary embolism (PE) would most likely present with which signs that the nurse should monitor?

A child undergoes cleft palate repair surgery. Before discharge, what is the most important advice to give the parents?

A nurse reviews laboratory results and identifies a critical value that requires immediate intervention. Which value is most critical?

A patient presents with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Which ECG finding is most characteristic of this arrhythmia?

A patient who received a corneal transplant one week ago develops eye redness, pain, and blurred vision. What is the most likely cause of this complication?

Evidence-based practice in nursing is best defined as:

A female patient requests that male nurses not enter her room. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

A nurse is calculating the tidal volume for a patient on mechanical ventilation. The patient weighs 70 kg. Using 6-8 mL/kg of ideal body weight, what is the appropriate tidal volume range?

A 15-week pregnant woman presents with a blood pressure of 210/110 mmHg. She had no known hypertension before pregnancy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn at 38 weeks gestation weighs 1800 grams (approximately 4 lbs). How should this infant be classified?

During fetal monitoring, the nurse notes early decelerations that mirror contractions. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

During the third stage of labor, which sign indicates that the placenta has separated from the uterine wall?

An infant with a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt presents with a bulging fontanelle, vomiting, and a high-pitched cry. These symptoms most likely indicate:

For a child with a cleft lip, what positioning instruction should be given to parents after surgical repair?

A child with chickenpox (varicella) is in the pediatric unit. The child should remain in isolation until:

A child with type 1 diabetes is planning to participate in a school sports activity. What dietary advice should the nurse provide to prevent hypoglycemia?

A patient with chronic pain has developed tolerance to morphine. The physician may consider adding which medication to manage pain and reduce opioid tolerance? (Note: Naloxone is for overdose, not tolerance.) The intended answer may be "Higher dose morphine" but that's not ideal. I will correct to "Higher dose morphine" as that is what is done for tolerance. Or consider alternative. Given options, the best is higher dose morphine. But also consider opioid rotation. I'll stick with the original correct_choice as "Naloxone" is wrong. I will change correct_choice to "Higher dose morphine" but it's not listed. Actually options: Naloxone, Higher dose morphine, Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen. Naloxone is antidote, not for tolerance. The correct management is increasing dose or rotating opioid. So I will keep "Higher dose morphine" as the intended answer. I'll correct to that.

A charge nurse is implementing a new evidence-based protocol for wound care. Which leadership approach would be most effective for ensuring staff compliance and successful implementation?

A nurse researcher is evaluating the effectiveness of a new pain management intervention. Which research design would provide the strongest evidence for clinical practice?

A nurse is analyzing an ECG strip and observes: regular rhythm, rate 75 bpm, PR interval 0.18 seconds, QRS duration 0.08 seconds. What is the correct interpretation?

A patient weighing 70 kg is prescribed dopamine at 5 mcg/kg/min. The concentration is 400 mg in 250 mL (1600 mcg/mL). What is the correct infusion rate in mL/hr?

A patient whose father recently died joins a grief support group to cope with his loss. The patient channels his emotions into helping others. Which defense mechanism is he primarily using?

A postpartum woman presents on day 15 after delivery with bright red vaginal bleeding. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A patient diagnosed with diabetes mellitus would most likely exhibit which classic symptom?

A patient is diagnosed with MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in a surgical wound. What type of isolation precautions should be implemented?

A patient presents with fatigue, easy tiredness, and brittle spoon-shaped nails (koilonychia). These symptoms are most likely due to:

A patient with a valid Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order is currently on mechanical ventilation and stable. What is the appropriate nursing action?

A nurse is consistently late for shifts, causing the night shift nurse to stay overtime. Another nurse reports this issue to the charge nurse. What is the most appropriate initial action?

A patient on lithium therapy presents with hallucinations, confusion, and severe neurological symptoms. What level of toxicity does this indicate?

A nurse is triaging patients in the emergency department. Which patient should be seen first?

A patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis is admitted. What type of isolation precautions should be implemented?

A nurse manager involves staff in decision-making and allows group input before making final decisions. What leadership style does this represent?

A child wears glasses for vision correction. What dietary recommendation should the nurse provide to the parents to support eye health?

A child presents with a vesicular rash, fever, and malaise. The nurse suspects chickenpox. These symptoms are most likely due to:

Which task is most appropriate for a registered nurse to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

A nurse observes an ECG rhythm showing chaotic, irregular waveforms with no identifiable P waves, QRS complexes, or T waves. What rhythm does this represent?

A nurse is administering the BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccine to an infant. What is the correct route of administration?

A pregnant woman in the third trimester presents with painless vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound shows the placenta completely covers the internal cervical os. This type of placenta previa is classified as:

A child undergoes a tonsillectomy. In the immediate postoperative period, what is the optimal positioning to protect the airway and allow drainage?

A newborn is scheduled for tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) repair. What is the priority preoperative nursing intervention?

A mother presents with vaginal bleeding two weeks after delivery. This type of bleeding is classified as:

A patient with placental abruption (abruptio placentae) presents with a rigid, board-like abdomen. Which sign is most characteristic of this condition?

A nurse assesses a newborn's umbilical cord stump and notes redness, warmth, and purulent drainage at the base. This finding indicates:

During pregnancy, hemodilution occurs primarily due to:

Laboratory results for a patient with hyperthyroidism will typically show:

Even small amounts of hypoxia in a patient following brain surgery can cause:

A patient is taking warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication?

Which hormone is primarily responsible for endometrial proliferation and breast development during puberty?

A mother with type 1 diabetes has just delivered a healthy newborn. How should her insulin dosage be adjusted in the immediate postpartum period?

An infant is covered with a blanket. Heat loss from the infant to the blanket and surrounding air occurs primarily through which two mechanisms?

A patient after rectal surgery (e.g., hemorrhoidectomy) complains of perineal pain. What comfort measure is most appropriate?

A patient presents with shock symptoms following a spinal cord injury, but exhibits bradycardia instead of tachycardia. Which type of shock is most likely?

A postpartum mother continues to have heavy bleeding despite uterine massage and ensuring an empty bladder. The nurse's priority action is to:

A nurse assesses a postpartum patient on day 2. Which finding should be reported to the physician immediately?

A patient with lung cancer has started chemotherapy and is unable to finish meals. The nurse suspects the most likely cause of decreased appetite is:

A patient presents with back pain and a pulsatile abdominal mass. These are characteristic symptoms of:

A nurse reviews an ECG strip showing a heart rate of 55 beats per minute with regular P waves followed by QRS complexes. How should this rhythm be documented?

A child with suspected appendicitis has abdominal pain when the nurse flexes the right hip and internally rotates the thigh. This finding is known as:

Combined oral contraceptives primarily prevent pregnancy by:

A patient presents with fatigue, diarrhea, fever, and dry cough. These symptoms are most consistent with which viral illness?

An infant with cleft lip and palate is being fed before surgical repair. Which position is optimal to reduce nasal regurgitation and aspiration?

A newborn is diagnosed with esophageal atresia. What is the priority preoperative intervention?

A newborn with esophageal atresia presents with which classic symptoms?

A child with nephrotic syndrome presents with generalized edema and frothy urine. Which clinical manifestations are characteristic of this condition?

A patient is taking isoniazid (INH) for latent tuberculosis. The nurse should monitor for which common side effect?

A patient is prescribed isoniazid (INH). To prevent peripheral neuropathy, the nurse should expect the physician to prescribe which vitamin?

A patient undergoes intravenous pyelography (IVP). After the procedure, what is the priority nursing intervention to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy?

A child with nephrotic syndrome is in remission. To prevent recurrence, the nurse teaches the parents to prioritize which action?

A child presents with right lower quadrant pain, nausea, and low-grade fever, suspected of appendicitis. What is the first nursing action?

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy received lactulose enemas, and ammonia levels are now normal, but the patient remains comatose. The nurse suspects the patient may have taken which substance?

A nurse is teaching nursing students about hormone pathways. Which statement correctly describes the synthesis and secretion of oxytocin?

A graph shows that as DTP and measles vaccination rates increased from 1986 to 1999, mortality rates from these diseases decreased. What relationship is demonstrated?

A nurse is conducting a prenatal class for women at 39 weeks gestation. Which topic should be the primary focus?

A pregnant woman with gestational diabetes demonstrates understanding of her condition when she states:

A nurse is teaching pregnant women about red flags that may indicate potential fetal loss. Which sign should be reported immediately?

A patient is taking progestin-only oral contraceptives (mini-pills). Which common side effect should the nurse discuss?

A patient wants to take nitroglycerin every 3 minutes instead of every 5 minutes because an AI chatbot suggested it. What is the nurse's best response?

A mother brings her child who is prescribed iron supplements for iron deficiency anemia. What advice should the nurse provide to enhance absorption?

A patient with iron deficiency anemia is non-compliant with her prescribed iron therapy. What potential consequence should the nurse discuss with the patient if non-compliance continues?

Vaccination for Hajj pilgrims to prevent meningococcal meningitis is an example of which level of prevention?

A child with nephrotic syndrome may present with which symptom?

A female patient with no symptoms tests positive for Chlamydia. This type of infection is considered:

According to WHO recommendations, how many antenatal visits are recommended during a normal pregnancy?

A cancer patient has cachexia documented in the chart. During assessment, the nurse expects to observe:

A public health nurse is planning strategies to reduce the spread of tuberculosis. Which method is most effective at the community level?

Agranulocytosis (severe neutropenia) is a rare but serious side effect most commonly associated with which type of medication?

A child presents with acute abdominal pain, vomiting, and red jelly-like stool. These findings are classic for:

A child with Hirschsprung disease typically presents with which primary symptoms?

A nurse notices an increasing number of pressure injuries on a ward and reports the trend to the manager for corrective action. This action represents:

A patient is scheduled for a hysterectomy. Who is primarily responsible for explaining the procedure, risks, and obtaining informed consent?

A patient with schizophrenia reports an inability to experience pleasure (anhedonia). This symptom is classified as:

A patient with Addison disease (adrenal insufficiency) typically presents with which characteristic skin finding?

A patient with Cushing syndrome (hypercortisolism) typically presents with which characteristic physical finding?

A newborn is delivered to a mother with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). What is the most likely complication to expect in this newborn immediately after birth?

A large-for-gestational-age newborn is born to a mother with gestational diabetes. What should be the priority monitoring focus for this newborn?

A premature newborn is suspected of having Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). Which clinical signs would confirm this diagnosis?

A nursing student asks a nurse for her password and ID to access the system to obtain patient information. How would this request be classified?

A physician wants to use a nurse's logged-in computer to view lab results. What should the nurse do?

Several nurses request assistance from the head nurse regarding a patient care issue. This represents which type of communication?

A patient has undergone cardiac catheterization via the femoral artery. What is the appropriate position for this patient immediately post-procedure?

A patient has burns on both arms and the face. What is the best location to assess the pulse in this patient?

A nurse is caring for patients with lower extremity amputations. What is the correct positioning approach?

A nurse palpates an olive-like mass in the epigastric area of a 6-week-old infant who has been projectile vomiting. This finding is most characteristic of:

A patient with eclampsia is receiving magnesium sulfate. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?

A pregnant client is diagnosed with preeclampsia. Which clinical findings would the nurse expect to assess?

A nurse is administering antibiotics to a patient when she receives a call about another patient experiencing severe pain. What is the most appropriate immediate action?

A mother in the delivery room has a hemoglobin level of 6 g/dL. The nurse should monitor this client primarily for risk of:

A primigravida in active labor is experiencing severe pain during the first stage of labor. What is the most appropriate pain management option at this stage?

What hormonal changes occur near the onset of labor?

A 7-year-old child weighing 25 kg requires daily maintenance fluids. Using the Holliday-Segar method (4-2-1 rule), the appropriate daily fluid requirement is:

During a physical examination of a male infant, the nurse notes that one testis is not palpable in the scrotum. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient is diagnosed with measles (rubeola). What type of isolation precautions should be implemented?

A patient presents with a widespread maculopapular rash on the palms and soles, characteristic of secondary syphilis. This rash indicates which stage of syphilis?

A patient exhibits excessive attention-seeking behavior, emotional instability, and theatrical mannerisms. These symptoms are most consistent with which personality disorder?

A patient with schizophrenia is taking antipsychotic medication and develops muscle rigidity. What condition is the patient most likely experiencing?

A patient with hebephrenic (disorganized) schizophrenia is most likely to exhibit which symptom?

A patient reports hearing voices that tell him to harm himself. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?

A patient experiencing a panic attack is hyperventilating. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to occur?

How should a nurse assess skin turgor in a neonate to evaluate for dehydration?

A child presents with red jelly-like stools suggesting intussusception. What is the most appropriate initial diagnostic and therapeutic intervention?

During which stage of team development do members typically experience conflict, arguments, and resistance to group tasks?

A patient is shouting and standing very close to the nurse because he did not receive his dinner. What is the best therapeutic response?

Sudden cases of meningitis appearing during the Hajj season in a specific region would be classified as:

A patient is experiencing a panic attack with hyperventilation and chest tightness. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A patient is crying and refuses to answer when the nurse asks why. What should the nurse do?

A 28-year-old patient presents with sudden unilateral vision loss, eye pain with movement, and central scotoma. Ophthalmologic examination reveals optic disc swelling. What is the most likely underlying condition associated with optic neuritis?

A 65-year-old hypertensive patient presents with severe back pain and abdominal pain. On physical examination, a pulsatile abdominal mass is palpated. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 68-year-old chronic smoker presents with progressive dyspnea and chronic productive cough. Physical examination reveals an increased anteroposterior chest diameter giving a barrel-shaped appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A nurse is caring for a child who just underwent a tonsillectomy. What is the most appropriate initial positioning for this patient?

After fertilization, the zygote typically enters the uterus for implantation at which stage?

A nurse involves parents in teaching and educating them about their child's condition. This nursing action represents which ethical principle?

An elderly cancer patient decides to discontinue treatment despite the nurse's recommendations. The nurse respects the patient's decision. This demonstrates which ethical principle?

A nurse is performing a painful procedure on a child. Which intervention would be most appropriate to reduce the child's pain and anxiety?

A nurse reviews a normal CTG (cardiotocography) tracing. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

What is the primary purpose of a sharps container in healthcare settings?

After administering an intramuscular injection, what should the nurse avoid doing?

To prevent infection in a TPN triple-lumen catheter, what is the best practice?

Hashimoto thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis) can cause which neurological symptom if untreated?

By what percentage does blood volume increase during pregnancy?

A patient with diphtheria requires which type of isolation precautions?

A child presents with growth retardation, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and skeletal abnormalities. Which condition is most likely?

When administering magnesium sulfate to a pregnant patient, which assessments are essential to monitor for toxicity? (Select all that apply) – The question format expects a single answer, but I will provide the correct combination as per the options.

When a nurse provides information to a family so they can make healthcare decisions, this represents:

A patient who is overly focused on past events during therapy and avoids discussing present issues is demonstrating:

A pregnant woman at 39 weeks gestation presents with ruptured membranes but no contractions. What is the priority nursing action?

A patient develops bone and joint pain, fever, and malaise weeks after cardiac surgery. This most likely represents:

Documentation in nursing practice is:

A child with a respiratory infection produces yellow sputum and has abnormal breath sounds. Which adventitious sound would most likely be heard?

A patient taking haloperidol (an antipsychotic) develops pseudoparkinsonism (tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia). This is a common side effect of which type of medication?

A patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis is admitted. What type of isolation is required?

The primary method to prevent tuberculosis transmission at the community level in high-burden countries is:

A nurse is discussing a patient's private information in the hallway. What should you remind her about?

Two nurses are having a disagreement about patient care in front of others. What is the most appropriate action?

A patient's gown becomes soiled during a procedure. What should the nurse do?

What is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity?

An infant with pyloric stenosis presents with projectile vomiting. What is the primary symptom of this condition?

Which patient should not receive live vaccines (e.g., MMR, varicella, yellow fever)?

A postpartum woman has a contracted (firm) uterus but continues to bleed heavily. What is the most likely cause?

A patient with spina bifida (myelomeningocele) has a surgical wound. What type of dressing is most appropriate to keep the wound moist and promote healing?

A patient has eye pain with yellow-green discharge. What should you advise?

What is the primary purpose of a Pap smear (Papanicolaou test)?

During pregnancy, which hormone is primarily secreted by the placenta to maintain the uterine lining?

Which strategy is most effective in reducing the spread of tuberculosis in the community?

A patient with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is at highest risk. Which condition predisposes to PIH?

A patient with sepsis typically presents with which clinical manifestation?

To reduce separation anxiety in hospitalized children, the nurse should:

A postpartum client with a history of hemorrhage has been having uterine contractions for 4 hours and needs to use the bathroom. What should the nurse do?

To evaluate if a mother understands umbilical cord care instructions, the nurse should ask her to:

When involving families in patient care, the nurse is practicing:

A patient is found unconscious without a pulse. The medical record indicates no DNR order. What should the nurse do?

A woman is having irregular contractions that decrease with walking. Which symptom indicates false labor rather than true labor?

Which laboratory test is the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia?

After tonsillectomy, what is the appropriate position for the patient to promote drainage and prevent aspiration?

A 28-year-old primigravida at 16 weeks gestation presents with dark brown vaginal discharge. Investigation reveals a decline in pregnancy test levels and ultrasound shows a nonviable pregnancy with no fetal heartbeat. The cervical os is closed. What is the most likely type of spontaneous abortion?

An infant has undergone cleft lip repair surgery. What is the optimal position to protect the suture line and prevent stress on the repair?

A mother with 9 children is experiencing difficulty coping with family management. What is the primary factor influencing her situation?

What is the most effective method for preventing tuberculosis transmission in healthcare settings?

What is the primary nursing consideration for a patient preparing for Hajj pilgrimage?

Which vaccine is considered primary (mandatory) for Hajj pilgrims to prevent meningococcal disease?

A patient is taking oral iron supplements for iron deficiency anemia. Which beverage enhances iron absorption?

A child after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is ready for clear liquids. Which juice is most appropriate to avoid irritation and bleeding risk?

A patient collapses in the cafeteria and appears to be choking, unable to speak. What is the first action the nurse should take?

A 9-year-old child has a simple fracture of the tibia. What is the typical bone healing time for a child this age?

A nurse is teaching a new mother about newborn bathing. How often should a newborn be bathed?

A patient after an open appendectomy should be placed in which position to promote comfort and facilitate drainage?

The rising prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia over the past two decades is best described as:

MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus) is primarily transmitted through:

Tuberculosis is transmitted through which route?

Rotavirus gastroenteritis is primarily transmitted through:

A nurse finds a dose of acetaminophen left on a table by another nurse. What should be the first action?

What is the recommended Hepatitis B vaccination schedule for infants?

A patient with preeclampsia requires close monitoring. What are the two primary parameters the nurse should closely monitor?

A pregnant woman presents with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. Ultrasound reveals tissue at the cervical os, and the internal os is open. What type of abortion is this?

A woman delivers in the emergency department due to no available beds. What is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage the nurse should anticipate?

A postpartum patient has a firm, contracted uterus but continues to have a steady trickle of bright red bleeding. What is the most likely cause?

An infant refuses both breastfeeding and bottle feeding. What is the most appropriate immediate nursing intervention?

A child presents with a fracture. How should the nurse assess for compromised circulation (neurovascular status)?

A mother refuses to vaccinate her child. What is the best nursing response?

A nurse is about to administer digoxin to a patient with a potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L (high) and low magnesium. What should the nurse do?

A nurse finds a patient who has fallen on the floor during the night shift. What is the first priority action?

A nurse wants to establish the effectiveness of a prevention intervention based on multiple previous studies. What type of research method is most appropriate?

A nurse overhears colleagues discussing confidential patient information in the hallway. What is the most appropriate action?

Vitamin D absorption is enhanced when taken with which vitamin?

A newborn is delivered to a mother with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). What is the priority nursing intervention for this infant?

As a charge nurse, you witness a conflict between a physician and a staff nurse regarding patient care. What is your most appropriate initial action?

A patient states he read online that nitroglycerin should be taken every 3 minutes, but the hospital policy states every 5 minutes. He refuses to follow the policy. What is the nurse's best response?

A breastfeeding mother asks about the best position for nighttime feeding to allow both mother and baby to rest. Which position is most beneficial?

A nurse is assessing a pregnant woman at 36 weeks of gestation. The fundal height is expected to correspond closely with the gestational age in weeks. What is the approximate fundal height in centimeters at this stage of pregnancy?

A patient has overdosed on morphine and is unresponsive with pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression. What is the antidote?

A patient has an arterial blood gas: pH 7.25, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. This represents which acid-base imbalance?

A patient with prolonged vomiting from gastric outlet obstruction would most likely develop which acid-base imbalance?

A patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis is admitted to the hospital. What type of isolation precautions should be implemented?

Which medication is considered first-line treatment for active tuberculosis?

An 18-month-old child is due for routine immunizations. Which vaccination is typically administered at this age?

A newborn with a cleft lip is being prepared for feeding. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

What is the safest sleep position for a healthy infant to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?

A mother with gestational diabetes delivers a baby. What is the most common immediate complication in the newborn?

A patient returns from appendectomy surgery. What is the most appropriate initial position for this patient?

An epidemic refers to the occurrence of disease that is:

A 3-week-old infant presents with projectile vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped mass in the epigastrium. Which condition is most likely?

A psychiatric patient is prescribed a benzodiazepine (e.g., alprazolam) for anxiety. Which substance should be avoided while taking this medication?

Which type of leadership style involves shared decision-making between the leader and team members?

What is the correct sequence for putting on personal protective equipment (PPE)?